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A bill to declare the Philippine marine zones under its jurisdiction and establish legal foundations for the conduct of social, economic, commercial, and other activities there was passed by the House of Representatives on Monday during its third and final reading.

The house adopted the Philippine Marine Zones Act, or House Bill 7819, with 284 yes votes. If it becomes law, it will provide lawmakers more freedom to enact regulations about the rights and obligations the Philippines may exercise over its marine zone.

The legislation calls for a broad declaration of the maritime areas within Philippine jurisdiction, including the country’s territorial sea, archipelagic waterways, contiguous zone, exclusive economic zone (EEZ), and continental shelf.

In this statute, the maximum territorial sea (12 nautical miles), contiguous zone (24 nautical miles), EEZ (200 nautical miles), and continental shelf are all specified.

By Article 76 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), HB 7819 also permits the definition of continental shelves that extend beyond 200 nautical miles.

Additionally, it establishes the Philippines’ exclusive rights to explore and use the living and nonliving resources found in these marine zones in line with the UNCLOS and other applicable laws and treaties. This is accomplished by granting the Philippines sovereign powers over certain maritime zones.

The bill also outlines how to exercise authority over these zones about the UNCLOS’s rights and obligations.

Where the maritime zones specified in the Act above overlap with the maritime zones of a neighboring State, the common boundaries shall be decided by the appropriate delimitation standards under international law, including the UNCLOS, in consultation with that State.

Additionally, it states that the Philippines’ rights about its maritime zones and entitlements must be exercised by the UNCLOS and the arbitral tribunal’s decisions in PCA Case 23 No. 2013-19, the South China Sea Arbitration between the Republic of the Philippines and the People’s Republic of China, which were made on July 12, 2016, in The Hague.

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