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Depression in teenagers is an illness that happens due to prolonged sorrow, lack of interest, loss of self-worth, and discouragement. Depression is generally a transient reaction to situations of stress. Depression is a typical element of the growth process of adolescents. It is even induced due to the synthesis of sex hormones. Adolescent females are depressed twice more than adolescent guys according to a study.

Adolescent behavior is generally marked with good and bad moods. The journey from a good mood to a negative mood and vice-versa might take minutes, hours, and even days. That is the reason why true depression is quite difficult to figure out. Depression in teens can be induced owing to bad academic performance, split up with boyfriend or girlfriend, and failing interactions with friends and family. These reasons can lead to persistent depression. Other severe causes are chronic sickness, obesity, child maltreatment, stressful lifestyle, poor social skills, insecure caregiving, and depression in family history.

Symptoms of depression in adolescents are eating disorders, weight change, irritable mood, excessive sleeping in the daytime, excessive temper, criminal behavior, memory loss, fatigue, self-preoccupation, sadness, difficulty in concentrating, worthless feelings, loss of interest, self-hatred, obsession with death and thought & attempts of suicides. When these symptoms are being detected for more than two weeks, it is crucial to receive therapy for the adolescent. Depression not only impairs interpersonal connections but educational achievement as well. Depressed teens are more prone to go onto drugs and alcohol as an attempt to overcome their depression. Such disorders demand thorough treatment.

The doctor will take a blood test and perform a physical examination to determine the reason for depression. The adolescent can also be examined for substance addiction such as smoking, heavy alcohol intake, marijuana smoking, and usage of other drugs. After the physical examination, a psychiatric evaluation is also done to determine the cause of sorrow, loss of interest, and irritation. Depression can also lead to the development of other psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia, mania, and anxiety. It is also crucial to establish whether the adolescent constitutes a risk for himself/herself and others. Family and school personnel can provide vital information about the adolescent to the doctor.

Treatment for depression for adolescents is comparable to the treatment of depression for adults. Along with the treatment, the teenager is given antidepressant medication and psychotherapy. Antidepressant drugs include tricyclics, Prozac, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or SSRI. Some of the medicines enhance the risk, so it is a good idea that parents discuss the prospective hazards with the doctor. Only some of the antidepressant drugs are meant for children and adolescents. Adolescents with severe depression need to be hospitalized as they are more prone to kill themselves.

Family and school support are crucial to confront the depression of the adolescent. Parents can have their children admitted to emotional growth schools, boot camps, or wilderness programs, to cure the behavioral problems. These programs comprise nonmedical staff and confrontational therapies. But care must be exercised as some of the programs can, in turn, injure children who are unhappy and sensitive. Adolescents, who get caught due to criminal offenses, should be taken special care of by their parents. It is ideal that the child experiences the consequences and learn a lesson from them. Depressed teenagers react well to treatment if they are treated extensively and early. Moreover half of the people are reported to have depression when they were in their teens.

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